Murchison Falls National Park
2025 Guide to Murchison Falls
Located in northwestern Uganda, Murchison Falls National Park (MFNP) is the country’s largest and oldest national park, spanning 3,893 square kilometers across the districts of Masindi, Nwoya, Kiryandongo, and Buliisa. Also known as Kabalega National Park, it forms the heart of the Murchison Falls Conservation Area (MFCA), alongside Bugungu and Karuma Wildlife Reserves. At its core lies Murchison Falls, the world’s most powerful waterfall, where the Victoria Nile surges through a 7-meter-wide gorge, plunging 43 meters into the Devil’s Cauldron with a thunderous roar. Home to 76 mammal species, over 450 bird species, and lush landscapes of savanna, woodland, and riverine forests, MFNP offers an unrivaled safari experience. From boat cruises along the Nile to game drives spotting lions and Rothschild’s giraffes, this UNESCO-nominated park is a must-visit. This guide covers everything you need to plan your adventure, including activities, accommodations, dining, and conservation insights.
MURCHISON FALLS National Park
2025 Guide to Murchison Falls
Located in northwestern Uganda, Murchison Falls National Park (MFNP) is the country’s largest and oldest national park, spanning 3,893 square kilometers across the districts of Masindi, Nwoya, Kiryandongo, and Buliisa. Also known as Kabalega National Park, it forms the heart of the Murchison Falls Conservation Area (MFCA), alongside Bugungu and Karuma Wildlife Reserves. At its core lies Murchison Falls, the world’s most powerful waterfall, where the Victoria Nile surges through a 7-meter-wide gorge, plunging 43 meters into the Devil’s Cauldron with a thunderous roar. Home to 76 mammal species, over 450 bird species, and lush landscapes of savanna, woodland, and riverine forests, MFNP offers an unrivaled safari experience. From boat cruises along the Nile to game drives spotting lions and Rothschild’s giraffes, this UNESCO-nominated park is a must-visit. This guide covers everything you need to plan your adventure, including activities, accommodations, dining, and conservation insights.
MURCHISON FALL's Attractions and Activities
GAME DRIVES
Game drives in MFNP showcase four of the Big Five—lions, leopards, elephants, and buffalo—plus Rothschild’s giraffes, Uganda kob, and hippos. The Buligi Peninsula, between the Victoria and Albert Niles, is a prime game-viewing area, with herds of elephants and buffalo roaming the savanna. The delta area offers lion sightings, while the Honeymoon Track provides quieter, intimate encounters. Morning and evening drives ($20-$50 per person) maximize sightings; night drives reveal nocturnal species like hyenas.
Boat Cruises on the Nile
A boat cruise to the base of Murchison Falls is the park’s signature activity, offering views of hippos, Nile crocodiles, and waterbirds like the rare shoebill stork. The 2-3 hour trip from Paraa ($30 per person) glides along the Nile’s papyrus-lined banks, culminating in the falls’ misty spray. Delta cruises to Lake Albert ($40-$60) are ideal for birding and spotting elephants. Private boats ($150-$300) offer flexibility.
Hike to the Top of the Falls
The 45-minute hike to the Top of the Falls viewpoint is a highlight, offering breathtaking views of the Nile crashing through the gorge. Accessible from the boat cruise drop-off or Paraa, the trail is moderately easy, suitable for most fitness levels. Feel the falls’ power and capture rainbow-misted photos ($10-$15 with a guide). Bring a spare shirt, as the spray can soak you.
Bird Watching
With 451 bird species, including Albertine Rift endemics, MFNP is a birder’s haven. Spot the shoebill stork in the Albert Delta, Goliath heron along the Nile, or Abyssinian ground hornbill in woodlands. Guided birding tours ($30-$100) target species like the great blue turaco and red-throated bee-eater. The wet season (March-May) is best for migratory birds.
Chimpanzee Trekking in Budongo Forest
The Budongo Forest, in MFNP’s southern sector, hosts over 600 chimpanzees. Guided treks ($50-$100 per person) in Kaniyo Pabidi or Busingiro offer a 60-80% chance of sightings, plus encounters with colobus monkeys and birds. Up to 36 permits are issued daily, with morning (8:00 AM) and afternoon (2:00 PM) sessions. Book through UWA or lodges like Budongo Eco Lodge.
Sport Fishing
Anglers flock to the Nile near the falls for trophy Nile perch (up to 114kg) and tigerfish. Catch-and-release fishing safaris ($50-$150) require personal equipment and a permit from UWA. The Paraa section is a hotspot, guided by experts familiar with the river’s challenges.
Hot Air Balloon Safaris
For a unique perspective, Dream Balloons offers sunrise and sunset hot air balloon rides ($300-$400 per person) over the park’s savanna and Nile. Spot giraffes and elephants from above, followed by a bush breakfast. Book early, as slots are limited.
Cultural and Community Visits
Engage with local communities like the Boomu Women’s Group near the park’s southern gate. Learn about Alur and Acholi traditions through craft-making, cooking, and dance ($10-$20). Visits to nearby villages support sustainable tourism and offer authentic cultural insights.
How to Get to MURCHISON FALLS National Park
MFNP is accessible by air or road from Kampala or Entebbe.
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By Air: Charter flights from Entebbe or Kajjansi Airfield to Pakuba, Chobe, or Bugungu airstrips take 1-1.5 hours ($200-$500 one-way). A short drive follows to your lodge. Book via Aerolink Uganda or Bar Aviation.
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By Road: The 305km drive from Kampala to Paraa (northern sector) takes 5-6 hours via Masindi (Kichumbanyobo or South Gate) or Pakwach (Tangala or Purongo Gate). A 4x4 vehicle is advised for dusty (dry season) or muddy (wet season) roads. Guided transfers cost $100-$300.
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Visa Requirements: Uganda visas ($50) are available online or on arrival. The $100 East African Tourist Visa covers Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya. Carry your yellow fever vaccination card.
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Park Gates: Key entries include Kichumbanyobo and Masindi (south), Purongo and Tangala (north), and Pakwach (west). Paraa is the main hub for activities.
BEST TIME TO VISIT
MFNP is a year-round destination, with seasons affecting wildlife viewing and accessibility.
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Dry Seasons (December-February, June-September): Best for game drives, as animals gather near water sources and tracks are dry. Book accommodations 3-6 months in advance for peak season (June-July). Temperatures range from 25-32°C (77-90°F).
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Wet Seasons (March-May, August-November): Lush landscapes and excellent birdwatching, with migratory species present. Roads may be muddy, but fewer crowds offer a serene experience. April and October are the wettest months.
The park’s equatorial climate keeps daytime temperatures at 25-32°C, dropping to 18°C at night. Pack for heat and rain
Park Fees and Permits
WHERE TO STAY
Fees are regulated by the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA).
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Park Entrance: $40/day for foreign non-residents, $30 for residents, UGX 20,000 (~$5) for East African citizens.
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Chimpanzee Trekking: $50-$100 per person, depending on the forest section.
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Boat Cruise: $30 (falls cruise), $40-$60 (delta cruise).
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Game Drives: Vehicle entry $20-$40; guide fees $20-$50.
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Fishing Permit: $50-$100, arranged via UWA or lodges.
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Booking: Pay at park gates or through UWA/tour operators. Book chimpanzee permits and balloon safaris 1-3 months in advance.
Contact UWA at reservations@ugandawildlife.org for details.
MFNP offers accommodations for all budgets, primarily in the northern (Paraa) and southern (Budongo) sectors.
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Luxury: Paraa Safari Lodge (Paraa) offers Nile views and a pool. Chobe Safari Lodge (north) provides eco-luxury near the river. Nile Safari Lodge (Paraa) blends elegance with papyrus forest surroundings.
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Mid-Range: Murchison River Lodge (south bank) offers cozy cottages with Nile views Mid-Range: Sambiya River Lodge and Fort Murchison provide affordable comfort near Paraa.
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Budget: Red Chilli Rest Camp and Heritage Safari Lodge offer dorms and tents for budget travelers. The UWA campsite near the falls is ideal for campers ($5-$10).
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Community-Based: Boomu Women’s Group Bandas near Budongo offers affordable bandas with cultural immersion.
Book early for peak seasons. Most lodges include meals, Wi-Fi, and activity transfers.
DINING AT MURCHISON FALLS
Dining in MFNP combines Ugandan classics with international fare, often served with Nile views. Enjoy matoke (steamed bananas), posho (maize porridge), and luwombo (stew in banana leaves) at lodges like Paraa Safari Lodge, which sources fresh fish from Lake Albert. Try kalo (millet bread) or grilled tilapia at budget camps like Red Chilli Rest Camp. Luxury lodges like Chobe Safari Lodge offer farm-to-table menus with local vegetables and Kasese coffee. Street-food-inspired rolex (egg and chapati roll) is a hit at Murchison River Lodge. Most lodges cater to vegetarian, vegan, or gluten-free diets with advance notice, blending authentic flavors with the park’s serene ambiance.
Packing List & Preparation
Prepare for a seamless safari with the right gear.
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Clothing: Lightweight long-sleeved shirts, trousers, hat, sunglasses, rain jacket, sturdy hiking boots. Neutral colors (khaki, green) for game drives.
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Gear: Binoculars, camera with zoom lens, insect repellent, sunscreen, reusable water bottle, daypack. Fishing gear for anglers.
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Health: Yellow fever vaccination (required), malaria prophylaxis, personal medications, first aid kit. Light fitness suffices for hikes and treks.
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Other: Cash (USD/UGX) for tips ($5-$15 for guides/porters), souvenirs, fees, passport, booking confirmations.
Guides enhance activities; tip generously for exceptional service.
Safety & Conservation
MFNP is safe with robust measures.
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Safety: Armed rangers accompany treks and patrols ensure security. Follow guides during game drives and hikes to avoid wildlife risks.
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Wildlife Health: Keep 7m from animals, avoid feeding, and don’t trek if ill to protect chimpanzees.
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Conservation: Fees support anti-poaching and habitat restoration. The park is a Lion Conservation Unit, and Rothschild’s giraffe numbers are recovering. Avoid littering to preserve ecosystems. Note: Oil exploration in the MFCA raises environmental concerns; choose eco-friendly operators
FAQ
What is the best time to visit mf?
Dry seasons (June-September, December-February) for wildlife viewing; wet seasons (March-May, October-November) for birding.
How much are park fees?
Entry is $40/day for non-residents; chimpanzee trekking $50-$100; boat cruises $30-$60.
Is murchison falls safe?
Yes, with armed rangers and strict protocols.
Can I see the Big Five?
Four of the Big Five (no rhinos); visit Ziwa Sanctuary for rhinos.
Are children allowed?
Chimpanzee trekking requires age 12+; game drives and cruises are family-friendly.
